Digitalis purpurea - Wikipedia. Digitalis purpurea (foxglove, common foxglove, purple foxglove or lady's glove) is a species of flowering plant in the plantainfamily.
Plantaginaceae, native and widespread throughout most of temperate Europe. It is also naturalised in parts of North America and some other temperate regions.
The plants are well known as the original source of the heart medicine digoxin (also called digitalis or digitalin). Description. The leaves are spirally arranged, simple, 1. The foliage forms a tight rosette at ground level in the first year.
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The flowering stem develops in the second year, typically 1. The flowers are arranged in a showy, terminal, elongated cluster, and each flower is tubular and pendent. The flowers are typically purple, but some plants, especially those under cultivation, may be pink, rose, yellow, or white. The inside surface of the flower tube is heavily spotted. The flowering period is early summer, sometimes with additional flower stems developing later in the season. The plant is frequented by bees, which climb right inside the flower tube to gain the nectar within.
The fruit is a capsule which splits open at maturity to release the numerous tiny 0. Subspecies. Unlike the purified pharmacological forms, extracts of this plant did not frequently cause intoxication because they induced nausea and vomiting within minutes of ingestion, preventing the patient from consuming more. The main toxins in Digitalis spp. Like other cardiac glycosides, these toxins exert their effects by inhibiting the ATPase activity of a complex of transmembrane proteins that form the sodium potassium ATPase pump, (Na+/K+- ATPase). Inhibition of the Na+/K+- ATPase in turn causes a rise not only in intracellular Na+, but also in calcium, which in turn results in increased force of myocardial muscle contractions. In other words, at precisely the right dosage, Digitalis toxin can cause the heart to beat more strongly.
However, digitoxin, digoxin and several other cardiac glycosides, such as ouabain, are known to have steep dose- response curves, i. Symptoms of Digitalis poisoning include a low pulse rate, nausea, vomiting, and uncoordinated contractions of different parts of the heart, leading to cardiac arrest and finally death. Cultivation. Cultivated forms often show flowers completely surrounding the central spike, in contrast to the wild form, where the flowers only appear on one side. The following selections have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit: 'The Shirley'. It is used as a molecular probe to detect DNA or RNA. It can easily be attached to nucleotides by chemical modifications. DIG molecules are often linked to uridinenucleotides; DIG- labeled uridine (DIG- U) can then be incorporated into RNA probes via in vitrotranscription.
Once hybridisation occurs in situ, RNA probes with the incorporated DIG- U can be detected with anti- DIG antibodies conjugated to alkaline phosphatase. To reveal the hybridised transcripts, alkaline phosphatase can be reacted with a chromogen to produce a coloured precipitate. Genetics. The m gene does not produce this pigment.
The D gene is an enhances of the M gene, and leads it to produce a big amount of the pigment. The d gene does not enhance the M gene, and only a small amount of pigment is produced. Lastly, the W gene makes the pigment be deposited only in some spots, while the w gene allows the pigment to be spread all over the flower. This combination leads to four phenotypes: M/. It also inspired the Italian industrial metal band Digitalis Purpurea.
This plant features in the 2. Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain. It is one of several harvestable plants within the game, and is used for the production of tranquilizer rounds by the Mother Base R& D team. Gallery. American Journal of Botany. American Journal of Botany, Vol. Retrieved 1. 8 June 2. Retrieved 1. 8 June 2.
Retrieved 1. 8 June 2. An Introduction to Genetic Analysis. Gene interaction in petal color of foxgloves.
Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia, created and edited by volunteers around the world and hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation. Selv en liten slurk frostv Digitalis purpurea (foxglove, common foxglove, purple foxglove or lady's glove) is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family Plantaginaceae.